Extracellular cysteine is relatively unstable and readily autoxidizes to cystine, which can lead to the production of toxic oxygen free radicals [83,87,91]
Intrinsic DILI is predictable and observed in preclinical studies 57, 58
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doi: 10.1038/s41564-022-01091-2 339 RhodesJ.FisherM
Addressing this mitochondrial impairment is crucial for restoring the body's ability to generate and sustain energy
Similarly, the released thiol compounds from glutathione upon entering the cell might react with the thiol groups on other proteins such as Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, which may enhance translocation of nuclear factors (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) into the nuclei and expression of antioxidant enzymes