Thus, the urine drug data method is applicable to most drugs excreted in the urine in their original form, especially when the excretion of the drug or its metabolites accounts for more than 70% of the absorbed dose
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B12 has many functions in our body, so unfortunately a deficiency will give rise to a wide variety of symptoms, like brain fog, memory problems, cognitive impairment, insomnia, headaches, especially migraine, behavioural changes, learning problems, nominal aphasia, mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, psychosis, peripheral paraesthesia (pins and needles), numbness, neuropathic pains, poor balance, reduced vibration sense or proprioception (joint position sense), tinnitus, ataxia, taste impairment, sometimes myelopathy, fatigue, anaemia (either with larger red blood cells, or with normal size of the red blood cells when there is also iron deficiency), other reduction in blood cells, abdominal complaints, malabsorption, failure to thrive, weight loss, diarrhoea, hyperpigmentation, glossitis, (aphthous) stomatitis, infertility, urinary tract infections, joint and muscle pain, muscle weakness, spasticity, seizures, cardiomyopathy, urinary and/or faecal incontinence, postural hypotension/dizziness, erectile dysfunction, to name a few
However, several things can inhibit the secretion of intrinsic factors, which in turn decreases the absorption of B12 by around half per dose, regardless of how high the overall dosage level is given
250500 g once per day Duration: 46 weeks Because IM injections are more invasive, they should always be performed under professional supervision
Callewaert B, De Paepe A, Coucke P
